Sources

“The Amalgamated Society of Paper Makers.” Warwick Library, Modern Records Centre, 31 July 2019.

Archer, Caroline. “A Brief History of Type Historians.” The Graphic Design Reader, edited by Teal Triggs and Leslie Atzmon, Bloomsbury Visual Arts, 2019, pp. 323–31.

Baillet, Françoise. “‘Gall and Wormwood’: The Compositors’ Chronicle (1840–43) as a Collaborative Journal.” Cahiers Victoriens et Edouardiens, vol. 95, Spring 2022. Open Edition Journals.

Bateson, Frederick Wilse. The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature. Vol. 3: 1800-1900. Series editor George Watson. Cambridge UP, 1969.

Beavan, Iain. “Bookselling.” The Edinburgh History of the Book in Scotland, Volume 3: Ambition and Industry 1800–1880, edited by Bill Bell. Edinburgh UP, 2007, pp. 123-40. EBSCOhost.

Benson, Charles. “Ireland.” The Edinburgh History of the Book in Scotland, Volume 3: Ambition and Industry 1800–1880, edited by Bill Bell, Edinburgh UP, 2007, pp. 418-29. EBSCOhost.

Berry, W. Turner, and H. Edmund Poole. Annals of Printing: A Chronological Encyclopedia from the Earliest Times to 1950. Blandford P, 1966.

“The Bibliography of Printing.” The Printing Times and Lithographer, vol. 7, nos. 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, Jan.-June 1881. HathiTrust.

“The Bibliography of Printing.” The Printing Times and Lithographer, vol. 7, nos. 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, Jan.-June 1881. HathiTrust.

Bigmore, E. C., and C. W. H. Wyman. A Bibliography of Printing. 1880. Oak Knoll P and the British Library, 2001.

Birmingham Public Library. A Catalogue of the Birmingham Collection. Compiled by Walter Powell and Herbert Maurice Cashmore. Cornish Brothers, 1918. Archive.org.

Blades, William. The Pentateuch of Printing, with a Chapter on Judges. Elliot Stock, 1891. Google Books.

BLT19 Trade and Professional Press Database 1900. Created by Andrew King, 2020.

Bolton, Henry Carrington. Catalogue of Scientific and Technical Periodicals. 1885. Rpt. Smithsonian Institute, 1898.

“Books and Periodicals.” The Inland Printer, vol. 22, no. 1, Oct. 1898. p. 101. Google Books.

“Books and Periodicals.” The Inland Printer, vol. 22, no. 5, Feb. 1899, p. 608. Google Books.

“Books Received.” The Publishers’ Circular, vol. 38, no. 898, 16 Feb. 1875, p. 122. Google Books.

The Bookseller: A Handbook of British and Foreign Literature, with which is Incorporated Bent’s Literary Advertiser. J. Whitaker, 1858-1928. HathiTrust.

Brewer, Roy. 1776-1876 Raithby Lawrence & Co. 1876-1976: De Montfort Press. De Montfort Press, 1976.

British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books, Supplement: Newspapers Published in Great Britain and Ireland 1801-1900. Clowes & Sons, 1905.

Brock, W. H. “The Development of Commercial Science Journals.” The Development of Science Publishing in Europe, edited by A. J. Meadows. Elsevier Science P, 1980, pp. 95-122.

Brown, Peter, and George B. Stratton. World List of Scientific Periodicals Published in the Years 1900-1960. 4 vols. Butterworths, 1963.

Caspar’s Directory of the American Book, edited by Carl Nicolaus Caspar. C. N. Caspar, 1889. Google Books.

Cataloged Serials, New York University Libraries, 2013.

Child, John. Industrial Relations in the British Printing Industry: The Quest for Security. Allen & Unwin, 1967.

Clegg, James. The Directory of Second-hand Booksellers, and List of Public Libraries, British and Foreign. London, 1891. Google Books.

Colby, Robert A. “Tale Bearing in the 1890s: The Author and Fiction Syndication.” Victorian Periodicals Review, vol. 18, no. 1, 1985, pp. 2–16. JSTOR.

Collins, Louis. “The English Stationer.” The Advertisers’ Guardian, no. 2. London, 1885, p. 225. Google Books.

COPAC: Consortium of Online Public Access Catalogues. Library Hub Discover, JISC.

Couper, William James. “A Bibliography of Edinburgh Periodical Literature.” Scottish Notes and Queries, vol. 5, no. 1, July 1903, pp. 10-11. Google Books.

Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland, edited by Marysa Demoor and Laurel Brake. Academia P, 2009. Updated online in 2009, 2010, and 2011 in C19.

Denny, Neil. “Bookseller.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland, edited by Marysa Demoor and Laurel Brake, Academia Press, 2009, p. 65. Google Books.

“Discursions of a Retired Printer.” The Inland Printer, vol. 38, no. 5, Feb. 1907, pp. 672-80. Google Books.

Duffy, Patrick. The Skilled Compositor, 1850-1914: An Aristocrat Among Working Men. Ashgate, 2000.

Eliot, Simon, and John Sutherland. The Publishers’ Circular 1837-1900: Guide to the Microfiche Edition. Chadwyck-Healey, 1988.

Elliott, Blanche Beatrice. “The Rapid Growth of the Trade Press.” A History of English Advertising. Business Publications Ltd., 1962, pp. 179–94.

The English Catalogue of Books. Vol. 5. Sampson Low, 1898. Google Books.

“The English Stationer.” The Advertisers’ Guardian (and Advertisement Agents’ Guide), edited by Louis Collins, vol. 2, 1885, p. 225. Google Books.

Finkelstein, David. Movable Types: Roving Creative Printers of the Victorian World. Oxford UP, 2018.

Fyfe, Paul. “2008 Van Arsdel Prize Graduate Student Essay: The Random Selection of Victorian New Media.” Victorian Periodicals Review, vol. 42, no. 1, 2009, pp. 1–23. JSTOR.

Gennard, John, and Peter Bain. A History of the Society of Graphical and Allied Trades. Routledge, 1990.

“Gift Books for Adults.” The Review of Reviews, vol. 2, no. 12, Dec. 1890, pp. 613-21. Google Books.

Gillespie, Sarah C. A Hundred Years of Progress: The Record of the Scottish Typographical Association, 1853 to 1952. Robert MacLehose and Co., 1953.

Goss, O. P. M. Mechanical Properties of Western Larch. Government Printing Office, 1913. Google Books.

Greysmith, David. “Empire as Infinite Resource: The Work of P.L. Simmonds (1814-1897).” The Journal of Newspaper and Periodical History, vol. 6, no. 1, 1990, pp. 3-15.

Growoll, Adolf. “Periodicals Published for the English Booktrade 1797-1903.” Three Centuries of English Booktrade Bibliography, ed. Growoll and Wilberforce Eames. Holland P, 1903, pp. 163-73. Google Books.

Hailing, Thomas. “Golden Opinions.” Hailing’s Circular, vol. 1, no. 4, Spring 1879, p. 16-17. Google Books.

Hale, Ann. M., and Andrew King. “Stationery Trade Review.” BLT19: Nineteenth-Century Business, Labour, Temperance, & Trade Periodicals, Aug. 2019.

“Half-Year’s Art.” Supplement to Igdrasil, vol. 1, no. 6, June 1890, pp. i-vi. Google Books.

Hare, Steve. “By Printers, for Printers.” Eye, vol. 60, Summer 2006, p. 15.

Harrison, Royden, G. B. Woolven, and Robert Duncan. The Warwick Guide to British Labour Periodicals, 1790-1970: A Check-List. Humanities P, 1977.

Hoornstra, Jean, and Grace Puravs, editors. A Guide to the Early British Periodicals Collection on Microfilm, with Title, Subject, Editor, and Reel Number Indexes. University Microfilms International, 1980.

Hubbard, Harlan P. Hubbard’s Newspaper and Bank Directory of the World. Hubbard, 1882-84. Google Books.

Hulse, Elizabeth. “Rev. of London Publishers and Printers, c. 1800-1870 by Philip A. H. Brown.” Victorian Periodicals Review, vol. 16, no. 3/4, 1983, pp. 129–31. JSTOR.

Index to the Periodical Literature of the World (Covering the Year 1893). The Review of Reviews, 1894. Google Books.

“Is the Typewriter Gaining in Popularity?” The London Phonographer, vol. 3, no. 28, Sept. 1893, p. 457. Google Books.

James, Louis. Fiction for the Working Man 1830-1850: A Study of the Literature Produced for the Working Classes in Early Victorian Urban England. Penguin, 1974.

Jones, E. B. Jones’ Check List of Philatelic Journals, Great Britain and Colonies. Jones, 1907. Global Philatelic Library.

Jones, Aled. Powers of the Press: Newspapers, Power and the Public in Nineteenth-Century England. Ashgate, 1996.

Josephson, Aksel G. S. Index to Bibliographer and Book-Lore. Boston Book Co., 1904. HathiTrust.

Journal Itself: Indicates that the information was taken from an issue of the journal itself.

Joyner, George. Fine Printing: Its Inception, Development, and Practice. Cooper and Budd, 1895.

Jury, David. The Letterpress: The Allure of the Handmade. RotoVision, 2011.

Keltie, J. Scott. “New Geographical Publications.” Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, vol. 9, 1887, pp. 709-22. Google Books.

King, Andrew. “Periodical Economics.” The Routledge Handbook to Nineteenth-Century British Periodicals and Newspapers, edited by King, Alexis Easley, John Morton. Routledge, 2016, pp. 60-74.

King, Andrew. “The Trade and Professional Press.” The Edinburgh History of the British and Irish Press, edited by David Finkelstein, Vol. 2: Expansion and Evolution, Edinburgh UP, 2020, pp. 558–95.

Knies, Michael. “The Impact of the American Typeface Invasion as Documented in British Printing Trade Periodicals, 1878-1888.” Paper abstract, Research Society for Victorian Periodicals Forty-Fifth Annual Conference, University of Salford, July 2013.

Lawrence, David Haldane. “Amalgamated Society of Lithographic Printers.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland, edited by Marysa Demoor and Laurel Brake, Academia P, 2009, p. 14. Google Books.

Laybourn, Keith, and Jack Reynolds. Liberalism and the Rise of Labour 1890-1918. Croom Helm, 1984.

Leary, F. History of Manchester Periodical Press. Manchester Central Reference Library (manuscripts), 1889/1896.

Lee, Alan J. The Origins of Popular Press in England 1855-1914. Rowman and Littlefield, 1976.

Boase, G. C., and M. Clare Loughlin-Chow. “Low, Sampson (1797–1886), publisher.” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 23 Sept. 2004.

MacDougall, Ian, ed. The Minutes of Edinburgh Trades Council, 1859-1873. Scottish History Society, 1968.

May’s London Press Dictionary and Advertiser’s Handbook, edited by Frederick May. Frederick May Publishing, 1871-90. Google Books.

McLean, Ruari. Victorian Book Design. U of California P, 1972.

“Messrs. Wyman and Sons’ List.” The Practical Telegraphist, and Guide to the Telegraph Service, edited by William Lynd. Wyman and Sons, 1884, pp. 1-12. Google Books.

“Milestone One.” The British Printer, vol. 76, no. 2, Feb. 1963, pp. 81-85.

Mitchell’s Newspaper Press Directory and Advertiser’s Guide. C. Mitchell, 1895.

Mitchell’s Newspaper Press Directory and Advertiser’s Guide. C. Mitchell, 1905.

Mitchell’s Newspaper Press Directory and Advertiser’s Guide. C. Mitchell, 1913.

Mitchell’s Newspaper Press Directory and Advertiser’s Guide. C. Mitchell, 1924.

Monthly Bulletin of Books Added to the Public Library of the City of Boston, vol. 11, no. 4, Apr. 1906, p. 117. Google Books.

“New Books.” The British Printer, vol. 12, no. 67, Jan.-Feb. 1899, p. 43. Google Books.

“New Books.” The Woman’s World, vol. 3, 1890, pp. 211-12. Google Books.

“New Journals.” The Printing Times and Lithographer, vol. 7, no. 81, 13 Sept. 1881, p. 238. Google Books.

“New Publications.” The British Printer, vol. 12, no. 71, Sept.-Oct. 1899, pp. 255-57. Google Books.

“New Publications.” The British Printer, vol. 14, no. 79, Jan.-Feb. 1901, pp. 47-48. Google Books.

The Newsagents’ Chronicle, vol. 60, 24 July 1897, p. 6. Google Books.

Norrie, William. Edinburgh Newspapers Past and Present. Waverley P, 1892. Google Books.

NSTC (Nineteenth-Century Short Title Catalogue), in C19: The Nineteenth-Century Index, Chadwyck-Heaney, 2020. ProQuest.

“Offset Negatives.” The Printing Art, vol. 20, no. 3, Nov. 1912, pp. 226-27. Google Books.

“Opinions of the Press.” The Office: A Practical Journal for Business Managers, Accountants and Office Men, vol. 28, Dec. 1889, pp. 316-17. Google Books.

“Our Exchanges.” Hailing’s Circular, vol. 1, no. 10, Spring 1882, p. 86. Google Books.

Peltz, Lucy. “Tuer, Andrew White (1838–1900), printer, publisher, and author.” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 23 Sept. 2004.

“The Penrose Annual.” Museum of Printing Blog, designed and built by Cliff Garber.

“Periodicals.” Paper, vol. 23, no. 23, 12 Feb. 1919, p. 66-68. Google Books.

Peterson, William S. The Kelmscott Press: A History of Willam Morris’s Typographical Adventure. U of California P, 1991.

“Phonetic Printing and Writing.” The Phonetic Journal, vol. 19, 18 Aug. 1860, pp. 385-86. Google Books.

Powell, A. C. J. A Short History of the Art of Printing in England. Powell, 1877. Google Books.

“The Printing Times and Lithographer.” The Process Yearbook (Penrose Annual), vol. 2, 1896, p. xxxii. HathiTrust.

“The Printing Trades’ Diary and Desk-Book for 1883.” The Printing Times and Lithographer, vol. 8, no. 96 n.s., 15 Dec. 1882, p. 269. Google Books.

“Prints.” The Photogram, vol. 2, no. 18, June 1895, pp. 145-46. Google Books.

“Process Work.” The Inland Printer, vol. 68, no. 5, Feb. 1922, p. 672. Google Books.

“The Process Workers’ Trade Union.” British Journal of Photography, vol. 52, no. 2353, 9 June 1905, p. 454. Google Books.

“Publications of the Month.” The Bookseller: A Newspaper of British and Foreign Literature, 11 Sept. 1902, p. 768. Google Books.

“Publishers’ Circular.” NCSE: Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition. 20 May 2020.

“Representative Trade Journals.” The Inland Printer, vol. 14, no. 5, Feb. 1895, pp. 496. Google Books.

“Review of Specimens Received.” The Inland Printer, vol. 23, no. 2, May 1899, pp. 244-46. Google Books.

“Reviews of Postal Publications.” The Stamp-Collector’s Magazine, vol. 10, 1872, pp. 110-11. Google Books.

Richmond, W. D. The Grammar of Lithography. London, 1878.

Roberts, Helene E. “British Art Periodicals of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries.” Victorian Periodicals Newsletter, no. 9, 1970, pp. 1–183. JSTOR.

Rukavina, Alison. “The Colonial Booksellers’ Agency.” The Development of the International Book Trade, 1870–1895, edited by Rukavina. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010, pp. 113-34.

Score, Melissa. “Pioneers of Social Progress?: Gender and Technology in British Printing Trade Union Journals, 1840–65.” Victorian Periodicals Review, vol. 47 no. 2, 2014, pp. 274-95. Project MUSE.

Scottish Printing Archival Trust. A Reputation for Excellence: A History of the Edinburgh Printing Industry. Merchiston, 1990.

“Select List of English and American Periodicals and Reviews.” The Torch and Colonial Book Circular, vol. 2, no. 5, Sept. 1888, pp. 41-48. Google Books.

Sell, Henry. Sell’s Dictionary of the World’s Press. Sell’s Advertising Agency, 1883-1915. Google Books.

Shattock, Joanne. The Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature. Vol. 4: 1800-1900. Edited by Frederick W. Bateson. 3rd ed. Cambridge UP. 1999.

Shep, Sydney J. “The British and Colonial Printer and Stationer and Newspaper Press Record.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism, Updated online edition, 2009. C19 Index.

Shep, Sydney J. “The British Printer.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism, Updated online edition, 2014. C19 Index.

Shep, Sydney J. “Typographical Press.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism, Updated online edition, 2009. C19 Index.

Sherbo, Arthur. “‘The Bibliographer,’ ‘Book-Lore’, and ‘The Bookworm.’” Studies in Bibliography, vol. 40, 1987, pp. 207–19. JSTOR.

Skingsley, T. A. “Technical Training and Education in the English Printing Industry.” Journal of the Printing Historical Society vol. 14, 1978/80, pp. 1-58.

Smith’s Advertising Agency, London. Successful Advertising: Its Secrets Explained by Smith’s Advertising Agency. Smith’s Advertising Agency, 1902. HathiTrust.

“Society of Lithographic Artists, Designers, Engravers and Process Workers.” Warwick Library, Modern Records Centre, 2 June 2015.

Special Consular Reports. Vol. 17. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1899. Google Books.

Sproat, Thomas. The History and Progress of the Amalgamated Society of Lithographic Printers and Auxiliaries of Great Britain and Ireland, 1880-1930. Cooperative Printing Society, 1930.

St. Bride Foundation Catalogue, St. Bride Library, 2022.

St. Bride Foundation Catalogue of the Technical Reference Library of Works on Printing and the Allied Arts. Governors, 1919. Google Books.

“The Stationers’ and Printers’ Annual and Trade Book of Reference.” The Process Photogram and Illustrator, vol. 63, Mar. 1899, pp. 46. Google Books.

Stewart, James D., editor. British Union-Catalogue of Periodicals. 4 vols. Butterworths, 1968.

Sullivan, Alvin. British Literary Magazines. 4 vols. Greenwood, 1983.

Sutherland, John. The Longman Companion to Victorian Fiction. 2nd edition. Routledge, 2014.

Taunton, Matthew. “Journalist.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland, edited by Marysa Demoor and Laurel Brake, Academia P, 2009, p. 327. Google Books.

Tiffany, John K. The Philatelical Library: A Catalogue of Stamp Publications. St. Louis, 1874. Google Books.

Tildesley, Matthew Brinton. “William Dorrington.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland, edited by Marysa Demoor and Laurel Brake, Academia P, 2009, p. 176. Google Books.

Titus, Edna Brown. Union List of Serials in Libraries of the United States and Canada. 5 vols. H.W. Wilson, 1965.

“Trade and Literary Gossip.” The Bookseller: A Newspaper of British and Foreign Literature, 17 Jan. 1902, p. 10. Google Books.

Tye, James Reginald. Periodicals of the Nineties: A Checklist of Literary Periodicals Published in the British Isles at Longer than Fortnightly Intervals, 1890-1899. Oxford Bibliographical Society, 1974.

“Typographical Circular.” Warwick Library, Modern Records Centre, 8 Feb. 2022.

“#Ullmerscircular Instagram Posts.”

Ulrich, Carolyn F., and Karl Kup. Books and Printing: A Selected List of Periodicals, 1800-1942. W. E. Rudge, 1943.

Bennett, Scott, J. Donn Vann, and Rosemary T. VanArsdel. Victorian Periodicals: A Guide to Research. 2 vols. Vol. 2. Modern Language Association of America, 1989.

Ward, William Smith. Index and Finding List of Serials Published in the British Isles, 1789-1832. U of Kentucky P, 1953.

The Waterloo Directory of English Newspapers and Periodicals: 1800-1900, edited by John S. North. North Waterloo Academic Press, 2009.

Wolff, Michael, Dorothy Deering, John S. North, Waterloo Computing in the Humanities, Research Society for Victorian Periodicals. The Waterloo Directory of Victorian Periodicals, 1824-1900: Phase I. Wilfrid Laurier UP, 1976.

Watson, George, series editor. The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature. 5 vols. Cambridge UP, 1969.

Webb, Beatrice, and Sydney Webb. The History of Trade Unionism. Longmans, Green, & Co., 1911. Google Books.

Whitaker & Sons. The Reference Catalogue of Current Literature. J. Whitaker, 1906. HathiTrust.

Wikipedia contributors. “Paper & Printing Trades Journal.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 18 Mar. 2019.

Wikipedia contributors. “Printers’ International Specimen Exchange.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 7 Jun. 2018.

Wikipedia contributors. “The Penrose Annual.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 19 Oct. 2018.

“Will be Published.” The Bookseller: A Handbook of British and Foreign Literature, no. 90, 30 July 1865, p. 396. Google Books.

Willing’s (Late May’s) British and Irish Press Guide, and Advertiser’s Directory and Handbook. Willing’s Press Service. HathiTrust.

Willison, I. R., series editor. The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature. Vol. 4: 1900-1950. Cambridge UP, 1972.

Wolf, Lucien. Exhibition and Market of Machinery, Implements and Material Used by Printers, Stationers, Papermakers and Kindred Trades, Official Catalogue of Exhibits. Robert Dale, 1880. Google Books.

“The Work of Amateurs.” St. Bride Foundation: The Blog, 5 Aug. 2014.

The World’s Paper Trade Review, vol. 20, no. 5, 1893, p. 9. Google Books.

Young, Matthew McLennan. The Rise and Fall of the Printers’ International Specimen Exchange. Oak Knoll P, 2012.

Zakreski, Patricia. “Paper and Printing Trades Journal.” Dictionary of Nineteenth-Century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland, edited by Marysa Demoor and Laurel Brake, Academia P, 2009, p. 479-80. Google Books.